worksheet of life processes

Name :                                                                         

Subject:                Biology

Class :      X                                                                      Month:                  April

LIFE PROCESSES

1              Complete the following table.

SECTION A

Organ	Gland	Enzyme/Juice	Function
Mouth		i)
Stomach		i)
		ii)
		iii)
Small intestine	i)	i)
	ii)	ii)

2.              Write one feature which is common to each of the following pairs of the terms/organs.

i)        glycogen and starch

ii)         chlorophyll and haemoglobin iii)        gills and lungs

iv)        arteries and veins

3.			Name the following
	1		The products of photolysis of water.
	2		Cell organelle which is the site of photosynthesis?
	3		The enzyme present in saliva, what is its role in digestion?

4      The three secretions of gastric glands.                                                             

	5	The largest gland of our body.
	6	Three important enzymes of pancreas and the food component on which they act.
		.
	7	The site of anaerobic and aerobic respiration in a cell.
	8	The blood vessel that carries blood from heart to lungs and from lungs to heart
	9	Name the device that measures blood pressure.
	10	The food component whose digestion produces nitrogenous waste
4.	a	Match the following Column 1                                                           Column 2 Mouth                                                         i)  Amylase, trypsin
	b c d e	Stomach                                                     ii)  Nephrons Pancreas                                                    iii) Salivary amylase Kidney                                                        iv) Pepsin Erythrocytes                                                v) Hemoglobin vi) Glomerulus vii) Extracellular fluid
5.		A farmer floods his field everyday thinking that watering in this manner will result a

better yield of his wheat crop. What will be the result of this action of the farmer?

6.             If a person is working on a treadmill in a gymnasium, will it affect his rate of breathing?

How?

7.              Leaves of a healthy potted plant were coated with petroleum jelly. How will it affect the plant? State two reasons.

8.              The two openings of the pharynx, one leading to trachea and the other leading to oesophagus, lie very close to each other. Yet food we swallow normally does not enter into our trachea. Why?

9.              If you compare your rate of breathing by feeling your chest movement with the number of times a fish opens and closes its mouth. Which will be higher and why?

10.            Mucus is not used for churning the food or digesting it. Then why is it secreted in the stomach?

SECTION-B

Choose the correct alternative

1.	a. b. c. d.	Medium required for activity of pancreatic juices is Acidic Alkaline Neutral Any type
2.	a.	The  energy rich compound produced during respiration is ATP
	b. c. d.	ADP Pyruvate Glucose
3.	a.	In lack  of oxygen in muscle cells, pyruvate is converted into Alcohol
	b. c. d.	Lactic Acid Glucose None Of These
4.		Which if the following statement(s) is(are) true about respiration? (i) During Inhalation, ribs move inward and diaphragm is raised (ii) In the alveoli, exchange of gases takes place (iii) Hemoglobin has greater affinity for carbon dioxide than oxygen

	a.	(iv) Alveoli increase surface area for exchange of gases (i) and (iv)
	b. c. d.	(ii) and (iii) (i) and (iii) (ii) and (iv)
5.	a.	Products of anaerobic respiration in muscles are Lactic Acid and Energy
	b. c. d.	Lactic Acid, Carbon Dioxide and Energy Lactic Acid, Water, Carbon Dioxide and Energy Lactic Acid, Water and Energy
6.		During the experiment on photosynthesis, leaf is boiled in which of these
	a.	liquids? Water
	b. c. d.	Alcohol Iodine Sulphuric acid
7.	a.	Blood from superior vena cava flows into Left Atrium
	b. c. d.	Right Atrium Left Ventricle Right Ventricle
8.	a.	Reabsorption of glucose and other useful substances take place in Ureters
	b. c. d.	Glomerulus Urinary Bladder Coiled tubes of Nephron
9.	a.	The yellowish liquid made in the liver which is normally stored in the gall bladder is HCl
	b. c. d.	Saliva Bile juice Mucous
10.	a.	The fluid entering the collecting tubule is called Urine
	b. c. d.	Glomerular filtrate Tubular secretion Blood
11.	a.	Movement of food through oesophagus is due to lubrication by saliva
	b. c. d.	peristalsis gravitational pull all of the above
12.	a.	The breakdown of pyruvate to give carbon dioxide, water and energy takes place in Cytoplasm
	b. c. d.	Mitochondria Chloroplast Nucleus
13.		Four students observed the epidermal peel of leaf under a high power microscope and made the sketches as below. The correct sketch would be :

	a. b. c. d.	I II III IV
14.	a.	The exchange of gases in the alveoli of the lungs takes place by osmosis
	b. c. d.	simple diffusion passive transport active transport
15.	a.	The animal which takes in food by the process of phagocytosis Paramecium
	b. c. d.	Amoeba Fish Chlamydomonas

SECTION-C

1.             Write two differences between autotrophic and heterotrophic nutrition.

2.             Draw a diagram showing cross - section of a leaf and label

i) Upper epidermis    ii) Chloroplast    iii) Guard cells    iv) Stomatal pore

b.    List three events which occur during photosynthesis.

c.    Write down the chemical equation involved in photosynthesis.

d.    How is unused energy stored in plants?

3.             Bile juice does not contain any digestive enzymes, yet it is essential for digestion.

Explain.

4.             How is the small intestine designed to absorb digested food?

5.      a.    Draw a diagram of human alimentary canal. Label the following on the diagram drawn: Oesophagus, Liver, gall Bladder, Duodenum

b.    State the roles of Liver and Pancreas.

6.              Give one reason why multicellular organisms require special organs for exchange of gases between their body and their environment.

OR

Why is diffusion not sufficient to meet the oxygen requirements of all the cells in multicellular organisms?

7.              Write any two points of difference between respiration in plants and respiration in animals.

8.      a.    Name two different ways in which glucose is oxidised to provide energy in various organisms.

b.    Write any two differences between the two ways of oxidation of glucose in organisms.

9.             Lack of oxygen in muscles often leads to cramps among cricketers. Explain why?

10.            How are the alveoli designed to maximize the exchange of gases? Suggest any two features.

11.            Draw a neat diagram of the human respiratory system and label the part i)       that has cartilaginous rings

ii)         that encloses the vocal cords

iii)        that has sheet of muscle which separates the chest cavity from the abdominal cavity.

iv)        that serves as a common passage for food and air.

12.            Mention the components of the transport system in highly organized plants. State the functions of these components.

13.           What is lymph? Write its important functions.

14.           Describe double circulation in human beings. Why is it necessary?

15.            Why is it necessary to separate oxygenated and deoxygenated blood in mammals and birds?

16.           Draw a sectional view of the human heart and label

Aorta, Left ventricle, Vena cava, Pulmonary arteries and septum.

17.           Name the excretory unit of a kidney. State the two vital functions of the human kidney.

18.           Label parts 1 to 6 in the given figure of the Excretory system (human beings)

19.    a.    Draw a neat diagram of an excretory unit of a human kidney and label the following parts:

Glomerulus, Bowman’s capsule, Renal artery and Collecting duct.

b.     Give one advantage of having a large number of these highly coiled structures in our kidneys.

c.     Mention any two substances that which are selectively reabsorbed as the filtrate flows along the tubular part of this unit.

d.    What is the main toxic waste kidney filters from the blood?

20.           Tooth enamel is one of the hardest substances in our body. How does it undergo damage due to eating chocolates and sweets?

SECTION-D

1.              Given below is the flowchart of breakdown of glucose by various pathways. Fill in the blank spaces in the flowchart and answer the questions given below the flowchart.

a.     What is the source of glucose molecules that are involved in cellular respiration in plants?

b.     What is the source of glucose molecules that are involved in cellular respiration in animals?

c.     What is the specific reason for muscle cramps that are caused due to sudden physical exercise?

d.     Out of the three types of reactions given in the flow chart, which reaction can be termed as aerobic? (write the number specified in the flow chart)

e.     Out of the three types of reactions given in the flow chart, which reaction can be termed as anaerobic? (write the number specified in the flow chart)

2.             Observe the diagram of stomata given alongside and answer the questions that follow

a.    In diagram ‘A’, one area has been marked with a question mark '?' .Name this area.

b.    The area mentioned in question ‘2’ is not shown in diagram ‘B’. What could be the

reason for this?

c.    The guard cells in diagram ‘A’ are different in shape and size from the guard cells in

diagram ‘B’. Which of the following sentences gives the correct reason:

(i) Guard cells swell up during the day and shrink at night

(ii) Guard cells swell when water flows into them causing the stomatal pore to open.

They shrink when water moves out and the stomatal pore closes.

(iii) The uneven thickness of cell wall of the guard cells enables them to open and close at regular intervals.

d.    What will happen if there are no stomata in a plant?

3.              Given below is the diagrammatic representation of a four-chambered heart. Observe the diagram carefully and answer the given questions.

a.    Name one group of organisms that has a four chambered heart.

b.    Name the chamber marked as ‘A’ and specify whether it will receive oxygenated blood

or deoxygenated blood.

c.    Name the chamber marked as ‘B’ and specify whether it will receive oxygenated blood

or deoxygenated blood.

d.    Name the chamber marked as ‘C and specify whether it will receive oxygenated blood

or deoxygenated blood.

e.    Name the chamber marked as ‘D’ and specify whether it will receive oxygenated

bloodor deoxygenated blood.

f.     Name the blood vessel that brings blood to chamber ‘A’.

g.    Name the blood vessel that carries blood away from chamber ‘B’.

h.    Name the blood vessel that brings blood to chamber ‘C.

i.      Name the blood vessel that carries blood away from chamber ‘D’.

j.     What will happen if the blood in chambers ‘A’ and ‘C mix?

4               Using the key choices below, match the description given with the structure in the alimentary canal that it describes.(Choices may be used more than once).

A. Anus	B. Appendix	C. Esophagus	D. Gallbladder
E. Large Intestines (Colon)	F. Liver	G. Microvilli	H. Mouth (Oral cavity)
I. Pancreas	J. Pharynx	K. Rectum	L. Salivary Gland
M. Small intestines	N. Stomach	O. Tongue	P. Villi

1     Stores bile until it is secreted                             

2     Finger like extensions in the intestinal wall that increase surface area                            

3     Two anatomical regions where mechanical digestion occurs.                                

4    Projections of the plasma membrane of a cell that increase the cell’s surface area

5     Produces a juice that neutralizes stomach acid and contains digestive enzymes         

6     Organ responsible for absorption of most nutrients                               

7     Organ primarily involved in water absorption and feces formation                             

8     Blind sac hanging from the initial part of the colon                             

9     Organ in which protein digestion begins                             

10    Organ that receives pancreatic juice and bile                               

11    Opening through which feces are expelled from the body                                 

12    Produce enzymes that begin carbohydrate digestion                                    

QUESTION BANK

1.     Why is nutrition necessary for an organism? Explain the process of nutrition in amoeba.

2.      Stomata of desert plants remain closed during day time. How do they take up carbon dioxide and perform photosynthesis.

3.     Describe an experiment to prove that CO2 is necessary for photosynthesis.

4.     How do the guard cells regulate opening and closing of stomatal pores?

5.     Why the medium becomes acidic in mouth? What is the ill effect of the acidic medium?

How can this be prevented?

6.      On which type of food does salivary amylase act at buccal cavity and write name of the initial product due to the action of amylase.

7.     What are the final products produced after digestion of carbohydrate, protein and fats.

8.      Explain the significance of peristaltic movement that occurs all along the gut during digestion.

9.     Where does digestion of fat take place in our body?

10.   Explain the process of breakdown of glucose in a cell (i) in the presence of oxygen and (ii)

in the absence of oxygen.

11.    What is the function of trachea? Why do its walls not collapse even when there is less air in it?

12.   How are lungs designed in human beings to maximize the area for exchange of gases?

13.   Write two functions of blood.

14.   Name the respiratory pigment present in our body. Where is it present?

15.   Mention two differences between arteries and veins.

16.   Draw the human excretory system and label :

Kidney, aorta, ureter, urinary bladder, urethera, vena cava

17.   What is the purpose of sending blood to the kidneys for filtration?

18.   What happens to glucose that enters the nephron along with filtrate?