Class :
X
Month: April
LIFE PROCESSES
1 Complete the following table.
SECTION A
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Organ
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Gland
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Enzyme/Juice
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Function
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Mouth
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i)
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Stomach
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i)
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ii)
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iii)
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Small intestine
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i)
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i)
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ii)
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ii)
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2. Write one feature which is common to each of the following pairs of the
terms/organs.
i) glycogen and
starch
ii) chlorophyll and
haemoglobin iii) gills and lungs
iv) arteries and veins
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3.
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Name the following
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1
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The products of
photolysis of water.
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2
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Cell organelle which is
the site of photosynthesis?
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3
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The enzyme
present in saliva, what is its role in
digestion?
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4 The three secretions of
gastric glands.
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5
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The largest gland
of
our body.
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6
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Three important enzymes of pancreas and the food component on
which they act.
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.
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7
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The site of
anaerobic and aerobic respiration in
a cell.
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8
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The blood vessel that carries blood from heart to
lungs and from lungs to heart
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9
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Name the device that measures blood pressure.
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10
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The food component whose digestion produces nitrogenous waste
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4.
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a
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Match the following
Column 1
Column 2
Mouth
i)
Amylase, trypsin
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b
c d
e
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Stomach
ii)
Nephrons
Pancreas
iii) Salivary amylase
Kidney
iv) Pepsin
Erythrocytes
v) Hemoglobin
vi) Glomerulus
vii) Extracellular
fluid
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5.
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A farmer floods his field everyday thinking that
watering in this manner
will result a
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better yield of his wheat crop. What will
be the result of this action of the farmer?
6. If a person is working on a
treadmill
in a gymnasium,
will it affect
his
rate of breathing?
How?
7. Leaves of a healthy potted plant were coated with
petroleum
jelly. How will
it
affect the plant? State two reasons.
8. The two openings of the pharynx, one leading to trachea and the other leading to
oesophagus,
lie very close
to each other.
Yet
food we swallow normally does
not enter into our trachea. Why?
9. If you compare your rate of breathing by feeling your chest
movement
with the number
of
times a fish opens and closes its mouth. Which will be
higher and why?
10. Mucus is not used for churning the food or digesting it. Then
why
is it secreted in the stomach?
SECTION-B
Choose the correct alternative
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1.
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a. b. c. d.
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Medium required for activity of pancreatic juices is
Acidic Alkaline
Neutral Any type
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2.
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a.
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The energy rich compound produced during
respiration
is
ATP
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b.
c. d.
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ADP
Pyruvate
Glucose
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3.
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a.
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In lack of oxygen in muscle
cells, pyruvate is converted into
Alcohol
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b.
c. d.
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Lactic Acid
Glucose
None
Of These
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4.
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Which if the following statement(s) is(are) true about respiration? (i) During
Inhalation, ribs move inward and diaphragm is raised
(ii) In the alveoli, exchange of
gases takes place
(iii) Hemoglobin has
greater affinity for carbon
dioxide than oxygen
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a.
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(iv) Alveoli increase
surface area for exchange
of
gases
(i) and (iv)
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b.
c. d.
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(ii) and (iii)
(i) and (iii) (ii) and (iv)
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5.
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a.
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Products of anaerobic respiration
in muscles are
Lactic Acid and
Energy
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b.
c. d.
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Lactic Acid, Carbon Dioxide and Energy
Lactic Acid, Water, Carbon Dioxide and Energy
Lactic Acid, Water and Energy
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6.
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During the experiment on photosynthesis, leaf is boiled in which of these
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a.
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liquids?
Water
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b.
c. d.
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Alcohol
Iodine
Sulphuric acid
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7.
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a.
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Blood from superior vena
cava flows into
Left Atrium
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b.
c. d.
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Right Atrium
Left Ventricle
Right Ventricle
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8.
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a.
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Reabsorption of
glucose and other useful
substances take place in
Ureters
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b.
c. d.
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Glomerulus
Urinary Bladder
Coiled tubes
of
Nephron
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9.
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a.
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The yellowish liquid
made
in the liver which
is normally stored in the gall
bladder is
HCl
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b.
c. d.
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Saliva
Bile juice
Mucous
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10.
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a.
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The fluid entering the collecting tubule
is called
Urine
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b.
c. d.
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Glomerular filtrate
Tubular secretion
Blood
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11.
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a.
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Movement of food through oesophagus is due to lubrication
by saliva
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b.
c. d.
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peristalsis
gravitational pull
all of the above
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12.
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a.
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The breakdown
of
pyruvate to give carbon
dioxide, water and energy takes place in
Cytoplasm
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b.
c. d.
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Mitochondria
Chloroplast
Nucleus
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13.
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Four students observed the epidermal peel of leaf under
a high power microscope and
made the sketches as below. The correct
sketch would be
:
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a. b. c. d.
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I II III IV
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14.
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a.
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The exchange of gases in the alveoli
of the lungs takes
place by osmosis
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b.
c. d.
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simple
diffusion
passive
transport active
transport
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15.
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a.
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The animal
which takes in food by the process of
phagocytosis
Paramecium
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b.
c. d.
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Amoeba
Fish
Chlamydomonas
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SECTION-C
1. Write two differences between autotrophic and heterotrophic nutrition.
2. Draw a
diagram
showing cross - section of a leaf and label
i) Upper epidermis
ii)
Chloroplast
iii) Guard cells iv) Stomatal pore
b. List three events which occur
during photosynthesis.
c. Write down
the
chemical equation involved in photosynthesis.
d. How is unused energy stored in plants?
3. Bile
juice
does not contain any digestive
enzymes, yet it
is
essential for digestion.
4. How is the small
intestine designed to
absorb digested food?
5. a. Draw a
diagram
of
human alimentary canal. Label the following on the diagram drawn:
Oesophagus, Liver, gall Bladder, Duodenum
b. State the roles
of Liver and Pancreas.
6. Give one reason why multicellular organisms require
special organs for exchange of gases between
their body
and their environment.
OR
Why is diffusion not sufficient to meet the oxygen requirements of all
the
cells in
multicellular organisms?
7. Write any two
points of difference between respiration
in plants and respiration in animals.
8. a.
Name two different ways in which glucose
is oxidised to provide energy in various organisms.
b. Write any two
differences between the two ways of oxidation of glucose
in organisms.
9. Lack of oxygen in muscles often leads to cramps among
cricketers. Explain
why?
10. How are the alveoli
designed to maximize the exchange of
gases? Suggest any two
features.
11. Draw a neat diagram of the human respiratory system and label the part i) that has cartilaginous rings
ii) that encloses the vocal
cords
iii) that has sheet
of
muscle which separates the chest cavity from
the abdominal cavity.
iv) that serves as a common
passage for food
and air.
12. Mention the components of the transport
system in highly organized plants. State the functions of these components.
13. What is lymph? Write its important functions.
14. Describe double
circulation in human beings. Why is it necessary?
15. Why is it necessary to separate oxygenated and deoxygenated blood
in mammals and
birds?
16. Draw a sectional
view of the human heart
and label
Aorta, Left ventricle, Vena cava, Pulmonary arteries
and septum.
17. Name the excretory unit of a kidney. State the two
vital functions of the human kidney.
18. Label parts 1 to 6 in the given figure of the Excretory system
(human beings)
19. a. Draw a
neat diagram of
an excretory unit
of
a human kidney and label the following
parts:
Glomerulus, Bowman’s capsule, Renal artery and Collecting duct.
b. Give
one advantage of having a
large number of these highly coiled structures in our
kidneys.
c. Mention any two substances
that which are selectively reabsorbed as the filtrate flows
along the tubular part of
this unit.
d. What is the main
toxic waste kidney filters from
the
blood?
20. Tooth
enamel
is
one of the hardest substances in our
body. How does
it undergo damage due to eating
chocolates and sweets?
SECTION-D
1. Given below is the flowchart of breakdown of
glucose by
various pathways. Fill
in the
blank spaces
in the flowchart
and answer the questions given below the flowchart.
a. What is the source
of glucose molecules
that are involved in cellular respiration
in plants?
b. What is the source
of glucose molecules
that are involved in cellular respiration
in animals?
c. What is the specific reason for muscle cramps that are caused
due to sudden physical exercise?
d. Out
of
the three types of
reactions given in the flow chart, which reaction can be
termed as aerobic? (write the number specified in
the
flow chart)
e. Out
of
the three types of
reactions given in the flow chart, which reaction can be
termed as anaerobic? (write the number
specified in the flow chart)
2. Observe the diagram of
stomata given alongside and
answer the questions that
follow
a. In
diagram ‘A’, one
area has been marked with a question mark '?' .Name this area.
b. The area mentioned in question ‘2’
is
not shown in diagram ‘B’. What could
be the
reason for this?
c. The guard cells in
diagram ‘A’ are
different in
shape and
size from the guard
cells in
diagram ‘B’. Which of
the
following sentences gives the correct
reason:
(i) Guard cells swell up during the day and
shrink at night
(ii) Guard cells swell when
water flows into them
causing the stomatal pore to open.
They shrink when
water moves out and the stomatal pore closes.
(iii) The uneven thickness of cell wall of the guard cells enables them to open and close at regular intervals.
d. What will
happen if there are no stomata in a plant?
3. Given below is the diagrammatic representation of a four-chambered heart.
Observe
the
diagram
carefully and answer the given questions.
a. Name one group
of
organisms that has a four
chambered heart.
b. Name the chamber marked as
‘A’ and specify whether
it
will receive
oxygenated blood
or deoxygenated blood.
c. Name the chamber marked as
‘B’ and specify whether
it
will receive
oxygenated blood
or deoxygenated blood.
d. Name the chamber marked as
‘C and specify whether it will receive
oxygenated blood
or deoxygenated blood.
e. Name the chamber marked as
‘D’ and specify whether
it
will receive
oxygenated
bloodor deoxygenated blood.
f. Name the blood vessel that brings blood to
chamber ‘A’.
g. Name the blood vessel that carries blood away from chamber ‘B’.
h. Name the blood vessel that brings blood to
chamber ‘C.
i. Name the blood vessel that carries blood away from chamber ‘D’.
j. What
will happen if the blood
in chambers ‘A’ and ‘C mix?
4 Using the key choices below, match the description given with
the
structure in the
alimentary
canal that it describes.(Choices may be used more than once).
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A. Anus
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B. Appendix
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C. Esophagus
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D. Gallbladder
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E. Large Intestines
(Colon)
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F. Liver
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G. Microvilli
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H. Mouth (Oral cavity)
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I. Pancreas
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J. Pharynx
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K. Rectum
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L. Salivary Gland
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M. Small intestines
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N. Stomach
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O. Tongue
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P. Villi
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1 Stores bile
until
it
is secreted
2 Finger
like extensions in the intestinal
wall
that increase surface area
3 Two
anatomical regions where mechanical
digestion occurs.
4 Projections of
the
plasma membrane of a cell
that increase the cell’s surface
area
5 Produces a juice that neutralizes
stomach acid and contains digestive
enzymes
6 Organ responsible for absorption of
most nutrients
7 Organ primarily involved in water absorption and feces formation
8 Blind sac
hanging from the initial
part
of
the colon
9 Organ in which
protein digestion begins
10 Organ that
receives
pancreatic juice and bile
11 Opening through which feces are expelled
from the body
12 Produce enzymes
that begin
carbohydrate digestion
QUESTION BANK
1. Why is
nutrition necessary for an organism? Explain the process of nutrition in
amoeba.
2. Stomata of desert
plants remain
closed during day time.
How
do they take up carbon
dioxide and perform photosynthesis.
3. Describe an experiment
to prove that CO2 is necessary
for photosynthesis.
4. How do the guard cells regulate opening and closing of stomatal pores?
5. Why the medium becomes acidic in mouth? What is the ill
effect of the acidic medium?
How can this be prevented?
6. On
which
type of
food does salivary amylase act at buccal cavity and write name of the
initial
product due to the action of amylase.
7. What
are the final products produced after digestion of carbohydrate, protein and
fats.
8. Explain
the
significance of peristaltic movement
that occurs all along the gut during
digestion.
9. Where does digestion of
fat take place in
our
body?
10. Explain
the
process of breakdown
of glucose
in a
cell (i) in the presence of oxygen and
(ii)
in the absence of oxygen.
11. What is the function of
trachea? Why do its walls not collapse
even
when there
is less air in it?
12. How are lungs designed in human beings to maximize
the
area for exchange of gases?
13. Write two functions of blood.
14. Name the respiratory pigment present in our body. Where is it present?
15. Mention two differences between
arteries and veins.
16. Draw the human excretory system and label
:
Kidney, aorta,
ureter, urinary bladder, urethera, vena
cava
17. What is the purpose of sending blood to the kidneys for
filtration?
18. What
happens to glucose
that enters the nephron
along
with filtrate?
