Saturday, 1 May 2021

RESOURCES AND DEVELOPMENT




PPT

https://drive.google.com/file/d/1wOHQPdWx9JHZWNJQ99cOkLflSXzm2bc3/view?usp=drivesdk

QUESTIONS and ANSWERS


RESOURCE AND DEVELOPMENT


Q.1) State the difference between renewable and non-renewable resources?

Ans. 

  • Renewable: Resources which gets replenished by nature and may be overused,
    e.g. Crops and Plants


  • Non Renewable: Resources which get exhausted due to excessive usage over the years.
    e.g. Crude Oil

Q.2) In which of the states has mining caused severe land degradation?

Ans.

  • Jharkhand, Chhattisgarh, Madhya Pradesh and Odisha.

Q.3) State the main cause of land degradation in Punjab?

Ans.

  • Over Irrigation

  • High usage of HYV seeds.

  • Chemical Fertilizers and Pesticides.

Q.4) What are the methods of checking soil erosion?
Ans.)

  • Strip Cropping, Terrace farming and Contour farming.

Q.5) Define the following:-
Ans.)

  • Current Fallow Land: The land left uncultivated for one or less than one agricultural year.

  • Other than Current Fallow Land: The land left uncultivated for past 1 to 5 years.

  • Culturable waste land: The land left uncultivated for more than 5 years.

Q.6) How are alluvial soil formed? How is Bhangar different from Khadar?
Ans.)

  • Alluvial soil is formed by sediment deposited by river water.



KHADAR

BHANGAR

  • It is a new alluvial soil.

  • It is an old alluvial soil.

  • Lower concentration of Kankar nodules.

  • Higher concentration of Kankar nodules.

  • More fine particles.

  • Less fine particles.

  • It is more fertile.

  • It is less fertile.


  • Q.7) Difference between stock and reserved resources stating two points each.
    Ans.)

    STOCK

    RESERVE

    • Materials which have a potential to satisfy humans but we do not have appropriate technology to access these are termed as stock.

  • These are subset of stock. They can be put to use with existing knowledge but their use has not been started.

  • Water, which is a compound of gases – H2 & O2, which can be rich source of energy but we do not know how to use them.

  • River water is used as a source of hydro-electricity but to a limited extent. Hence, the water in dams, forest are reserved for future use.










  • Q.8) What is Agenda 21? List its two Principles?
    Ans.)

    • ‘Agenda 21’ was adopted at the 1st International Earth Summit held in 1992 at Rio De Janeiro, Brazil.

    • The two principles are as follows.

    • To combat environmental damage, poverty, disease through global co-operation or common interests, mutual needs and share responsibilities.

    • Every local Government should draw it’s on ‘Agenda 21’.

    Q.9) Explain any three factors responsible for soil formation?
    Ans.)

    • Parent rock:     It provides the basic requirements for soil formation.

    • Vegetation:     Plant & Animal organisms help in weathering of rocks slowly, but continuously.



    • Various features of nature such as; changes in temperature, actions of running water, wind and glaciers, activities of decomposers, etc contributes to formation of soil.

    • Chemical and organic changes take place in soil.

    • Climate breaks the parent rock into smaller pieces.

    Q.10) Why is soil considered as a resource?
    Ans.)

    • Soil satisfies our daily needs.

    • It is the most important renewable natural resources.

    • It is the medium of plant growth.

    • It supports different types of living organism.

    • It is the base of our lives.

    Q.11) Mention any two human activities which are responsible for the process of soil erosion. Explain the 2 types of soil erosion observed in India?
    Ans. 

    • Human Activities: Deforestation, Overgrazing, Mining and Construction, etc.


    • Types of Soil Erosion:


    • Gullies: The running water cuts through the clayey soil and makes deep channels/gullies. The unfit lands caused by gullies are called Bad Lands or Ravines.

    • Sheet Erosion: Water flows as a sheet over large areas down a slope. The top soil is washed away.

    Q.12) Why is resource planning important in India?
    Ans.

    • Resource planning is a technique or skill for proper utilisation of resources.

    • As resources are limited, their planning is so necessary that we can use them properly and also save them for future generations.

    • Resources are not only limited but they are distributed over different parts of country.

    • Essential for production of resources and to protect them from exploitation.